Journal of Neonatal Biology

Newborn respiratory distress at the federal medical center, Asaba, Nigeria

20^th Annual World Congress on Neonatology

September 20, 2021 WEBINAR

Emeagui Omoadoni Diana

Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Neonatal Biol

Abstract:

Background: Neonatal Respiratory distress, a major cause of admission, contributes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low resource settings (LMICS). There is paucity of reports from these regions as to the main underlying causes of the disorder and its management. To address improvements in clinical outcome and mortality reduction, it is crucial to have a clear information of the situation. This review attempts to identify the clinical presentation, associated causes and complications of neonatal respiratory distress in new- borns of LMICS. Methods: The institutional Ethical committee approved the protocol. Upon informed parental consent, cases of respiratory distress aged 28 days or less were recruited prospectively. Such were cases admitted from 1st July 2020 to 31st December 2020. Epidemiologic, Demographic and other relevant Information were recorded unto the data entry sheets. Frequencies, Means, standard deviations, Associations, chi square and student’s t test were used for analysis of data. Results: The three hundred and sixty-five neonates admitted during the study, 126 (34.5%) were preterm and 239 (65.5) were terms. 110 of the total admissions had respiratory distress, an incidence of 30%. 58 of 71(64.5%) delivered in the survey hospital were admitted within the 1st hour. More females than males had respiratory distress (ratio 1.4:1). Antecedent history included delivery by caesarian section (57.3%), preeclampsia (41.8%), preterm labor and PROM (17.3%) and fetal distress (14.5%). The most frequent mode of presentation was fast breathing 55.5% and grunting respirations 22.7%. The mean duration of admission was 3-10 days 48.1%, 41-60 days 7.3%. Seventy -eight (70.9%) were discharged and 30(27.30%) died. We conclude that newborn Respiratory distress was important cause of morbidity accounting for high mortality in our setting.

Biography :

Omoadoni Emeagui completed her post-graduate training in pediatrics at the age of 34 years from the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria. She is a Pediatrics fellow with special interest in neonatology and Pediatrics neurology. She has co-authored over 5 peer reviewed scientific articles related to child health. Currently works in the Pediatrics neurology unit.