Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta

Triclosan and triclosan-loaded liposomal nanoparticles in the treatment of acute experimental toxoplasmosis

5^th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmaceutics & Novel Drug Delivery Systems

March 16-18, 2015 Crowne Plaza, Dubai, UAE

Lobna A El-Zawawya, Doaa El-Saida, Shereen F Mossallama, Heba S Ramadanb and Salwa S Younisaa

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Pharm Anal Acta

Abstract:

The efficacy of triclosan (TS) and TS-loaded liposomes against virulent strain of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) was evaluated. Swiss albino mice were intra peritonealy infected with 104 tachyzoites of RH HXGPRT (-) strain of T. gondii, then were orally treated with 150 mg/kg TS or 100 mg/kg TS liposomes twice daily for four days. Mice mortality, peritoneal and liver parasite burdens, viability, infectivity and ultra structural changes of peritoneal tachyzoites of infected treated mice were studied, in comparison to these of infected non-treated controls. Drug safety was biochemically assessed by measuring liver enzymes and thyroxin. Both TS and TS liposomes induced significant reduction in mice mortality, parasite burden, viability and infectivity of tachyzoites harvested from infected treated mice. Scanning electron microscopy of treated tachyzoites showed distorted shapes, reduced sizes, irregularities, surface protrusions, erosions and peeling besides apical region distortion. Transmission electron microscopy showed that treated tachyzoites were intra cellularly distorted, had cytoplasmic vacuolation, discontinuous plasma membranes, nuclear abnormalities and disrupted internal structures. Besides, in TS liposomes-treated subgroup, most tachyzoites were seen intra cellularly with complete disintegration of the parasite plasma and nuclear membranes, with complete destruction of the internal structures. Biochemical safety of TS and TS liposomes was proven. Accordingly, TS can be considered as a promising alternative to the standard therapy for treating acute murine toxoplasmosis. Liposomal formulation of TS enhanced its efficacy and allowed its use in a lower dose.