Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology

Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease By Using Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed Patients

Negeri Zenebe^* Department of Medical Physiology, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
^*Correspondence: Negeri Zenebe, Department of Medical Physiology, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Email:

Received: 04-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. CPECR-22-12331; Editor assigned: 06-Feb-2022, Pre QC No. CPECR-22-12331(PQ); Reviewed: 20-Feb-2022, QC No. CPECR-22-12331; Revised: 24-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. CPECR-22-12331(R); Published: 03-Mar-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2329-6925.22.12.294

Description

The worldwide incidence of diabetes has extended appreciably over the last few many years and is anticipated to be greater than seven hundred million, with the bulk of sufferers having type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Individuals with DM have a two-fold extended threat of Alzheimer’s disease, and hyperglycemia itself is related to impaired episodic reminiscence and hippocampal atrophy, each function symptoms and symptoms of AD3. Understanding of the shared pathogenic mechanisms among DM and AD, which includes insulin resistance, has extended the relief within side the repurposing of ant diabetic tablets for the remedy of AD5[1,2].

Metformin is a first-line drug for DM remedy and is used via way of means of one hundred twenty million humans worldwide. Metformin can doubtlessly be used to relieve AD pathology due to the fact it may move the blood–mind barrier and has a strong insulin-sensitizing property. Studies have proven the useful consequences of metformin on cognition are mediated via attenuation of insulin resistance and discount of oxidative stress. However, the hypothesis that metformin may also play a protecting function in AD pathogenesis has been challenged via way of means of numerous longitudinal studies. One observe within the UK confirmed that long-time period metformin use is related to an multiplied hazard of AD10, and an Australian one determined that metformin-triggered nutrition B12 deficiency changed into associated with impaired cognitive overall performance in DM patients. A population-primarily based totally cohort observe in Taiwan confirmed that metformin publicity in kind DM sufferers can be a hazard component for neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia and Parkinson’s disease. Given the range of DM sufferers handled with metformin, the consequences of those findings might have a big effect on public health [3].

Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, triggers anti-growing old responses. We examined the hypotheses that metformin improves survival and decreases the threat of dementia, relative to the sulfonylureas, via way of means of emulating goal trials in digital fitness data of diabetic sufferers at an academic-targeted healthcare gadget within side the US and a wide-ranging institution of number one care practices within side the UK. To deal with metformin's doubtlessly twin impacts on dementia threat—that it'd lessen the threat of demise and placed extra human beings susceptible to growing dementia whilst lowering the threat of dementia via way of means of slowing organic growing old, we used a competing dangers technique and thoroughly grounded that inside a causal inference emulated trial framework. To become aware of candidate biomarkers of metformin’s movements with inside the mind that could mediate decreased dementia threat, we performed an in-vitro structures pharmacology assessment of metformin and glyburide on differentiated human neural cells via differential gene expression. We named our multidimensional technique DRIAD HER (Drug Repurposing in Alzheime’s Disease-Electronic Health Records). In intention-to-deal with analyses, metformin turned into related to a decrease threat of all-reason mortality than sulfonylureas in each cohort. In competing dangers analyses, there has been additionally a decrease reason-unique threat of dementia onset amongst metformin initiators. In in-vitro research, metformin decreased human neural cellular expression of SPP1 and APOE, secreted proteins which have been implicated in Alzheimer’s ailment pathogenesis and whose stages may be quantified with inside the CSF[4,5].

Repurposing pills provides a course to healing improvement this is shorter, much less expensive, and much more likely to succeed. However, with fewer financial incentives for drug repurposing than for bringing new pills to market, mixed proof from realinternational records and mechanistic research that helps the healing speculation may justify a Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with one to two a long time of amassing pathology previous to symptom onset, brings any other challenge.

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