Comparison of Cortical Activation during Subtraction in Mental Calculationb and with a Calculator

Yuki Murata¹, Hisaaki Tabuchi¹, Toshiaki Watanabe¹, Saiki Terasawa², Koki Nakajima³, Toshie Kobayashi⁴, Zhang Yong⁵, Masao Okuhara⁶, Keisuke Nakade⁷, Suchinda Jarupat Maruo⁸, Satomi Fujimori⁹ and Koji Terasawa^9*

¹Faculty of Education, Shinshu University, 6-Ro Nishi-Nagano, Nagano 380-8544, Japan

²Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shinshu University, 6-Ro Nishi-Nagano, Nagano 380-8544, Japan

³Matsumoto University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan

⁴Seisen Jogakuin College, Nagano, Japan

⁵Nagano Prefectural College, 8-49-7 Miwa, Nagano, Nagano Prefecture 380-0803, Japan

⁶Center of General Education and Humanities, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0825, Japan

⁷Minowa Town Government Office, Japan

⁸Ramathibodi School of Nursing Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Rd, Ratchathewi, Bangkok10400, Thailand

⁹Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan