 
        Department of Blood and Shock Resuscitation, The United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
 Research Article   
								
																Syndecan-1 and Thrombomodulin are Early Biomarkers for Development  of Endotheliopathy in Trauma and Hemorrhagic Shock 
																Author(s): Tiffani C. Chance*, Michael A. Meledeo, Andrew P. Cap, Daniel N. Darlington, James A. Bynum and Xiaowu Wu             
								
																
						 The causes of endotheliopathy are multifactorial and trauma dependent, and the temporal mechanistic link that it has with Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy (ATC) has yet to be fully determinutesed. Therefore, we sought to define early characteristics and markers of endotheliopathy in two rat models, a time-course of acute lethal hemorrhage shock and polytrauma with hemorrhagic shock, to answer the following questions: (1) How soon can elevated biomarkers of endotheliopathy be detected in non-survivable (decompensated) hemorrhagic shock; (2) Does extended hemorrhage time and accumulated hemorrhage impact biomarker levels; and (3) Does the addition of polytrauma contribute to the further elevation of said biomarkers? In this study, we delineated a significant, acute elevation in end plasma levels of syndecan-1, thrombomodulin, and heparan sulfate, whose shedding patterns are a function of ti.. View more»