Dentistry

The Oncological situation of maxillofacial region in Armenia from 1996 to 2019

International Congress on Dentistry

July 29, 2021 | Webinar

Gayane Ervand Manrikyan

Yerevan State Medical University after M.Heratsi, Armenia

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Dentistry

Abstract:

Background: Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignant disease in the world with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The main cause of death is the unaffordability or ineffectiveness of screening, as well as inadequate treatment and diagnostics by medical personnel, which leads to delays in referral to specialists and the subsequent treatment provision. Oral cancer presents with signs and symptoms such as pain, persistent red and white lesions and lumps. Aim: The aim of study was to retrospectively analyze the case histories of cancer patients in Armenia, to determine the dynamics of cancer in the maxillofacial region for the period of 1996-2019. Methods: 25000 medical records of patients aged 24-87 years old treated in the cancer clinics were analyzed in the SPSS19 program. The most of the patients were male – 77,8%, women accounted for 22,2%. Results: The data analysis revealed a high prevalence of oncological pathology of the maxillofacial region detected at the late stages and required extensive and radical surgical interventions. The results obtained and their dynamics are represented in Table 1. The most often diagnosed in 2019 the oral cavity’s tumor lesions were observed in the lower lip (totally in 50,5% of cases), mostly in males (76%); tumors of the salivary glands were observed in 24,3% of cases, mainly in women (66.7%). Cancer of the upper lip and tongue was diagnosed in 14,1% and 11,1%, respectively, most often in men (64.3% and 63.6%, in each case). According to histological studies, squamous cell carcinoma was most often diagnosed (61,8%); the benign tumors such as lipomas and fibromas were diagnosed in 20,8% of cases. Basal cell carcinoma was detected in 6.9%, and pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands – in 4.9%, melanoma – in 3.5% of cases. Other diagnoses were lymphoma (0.7%) and rhabdomyoma (1.4%). Conclusion: For the recent 23 years, the rate of oncology problem increased 2 times, indicating late referral and diagnostics. Therefore, the dentist should take into account all the patients who are in the risk group for early diagnostics, thereby affecting the outcome and quality of life of the patients. Based on the research data, it is necessary to introduce training and provide knowledge on cancer alertness of dental students.

Biography :

Manrikyan Gayane Ervand is currently working as a Associate professor in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics from Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.