Journal of Pharmacovigilance

Ecopharmacovigilence: An issue urgently to be addressed

2^nd International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacovigilance & Clinical Trials

November 18-19, 2013 Hilton San Antonio Airport, TX, USA

Rudrangi S. R. Samatha and Shashi Ravi Suman Rudrangi

Accepted Abstracts: J Pharmacovigilance

Abstract:

Among all emerging substances in water, pharmaceutical products (PPs) and residues are a lot of concern. Pharmaceuticals are synthetic or natural chemicals that contain active ingredients that have been designed to have pharmacological effects and confer significant benefits to society. The ubiquitous use of pharmaceuticals in various settings has resulted in a continuous discharge of pharmaceuticals and metabolites into the environment, leading to their presence in the environment. Pharmaceuticals are primarily introduced into the environment via human excretion, sewage effluent, improper drug disposal, agricultural runoff, and livestock and veterinary waste. They have become chemicals of emerging concern to the public because of their potential to reach drinking-water. Exposure of human beings and animals to low dose of antimicrobials through drinking water may bring microbial resistance. Many aquatic organisms and vegetation experience continual exposure to multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Humans can then be exposed to these residues via their diet. Finally, solutions need to be suggested to save this only liveable planet from ill effects of these chemicals. Key Words: APIs, disposal, environment, contamination, pharmaceuticals, water