Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion

Antibody titers in group O blood donors: Using tube and column agglutination technique

2^nd International Conference on Hematology & Blood Disorders

September 29-October 01, 2014 DoubleTree by Hilton Baltimore-BWI Airport, USA

Rashmi Sood, Prashant Srivastava, Anoop Sharma, Deepak Kumar, Narender Singh and Tarun Kumar

Accepted Abstracts: J Blood Disorders Transf

Abstract:

Background: Use of O blood group transfusions to patients of all groups has continued since long. Clinical significance of ABO antibody titre in ABO-I kidney transplantation is well known.Very few studies have been done to detect ABO antibody titers in the collected plasma components of group O blood and apheresis donations. These passively acquired antibodies may destroy the recipient's own red cells and tissue grafts, cause acute hemolysis, hemoglobinemia, jaundice, progressive anemia, spontaneous agglutination, positive direct antiglobulin test and increased osmotic fragility of the patient's red cells. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate agglutinin levels in group O blood donations. Group O donor population was randomly titrated using tube technique and gel card technique to identify the titer levels for anti A and anti B and cross- reacting anti AB antibodies. Both IgM and IgG titer levels were evaluated. Methods: Samples from 100 blood group O donors were tested by ABO antibody titration using the conventional tube technique andAHG gel-card technique for anti Aanti B and anti AB antibodies. ABO antibody titer levels were categorized as those higher than 16 and those lower than 8. After treatment with Dithiothretiol (DTT) for characterization of only IgG class, the titres levels were again tested in the same O group blood/apheresis donors. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, Chi-square test, Pearson's Correlation coefficient. Results: Most O blood group donors in the blood bank were males (88%) and only 12% were females. ABO antibody titers were categorized as 0 to ≥16 and titer <16 for both IgM and IgG antibody for anti A,anti B and anti AB. Both test tube and column agglutination technology were used for testing. No significant co-relation was found between age and titer and gender and titer, by both the technologies. Mean anti-A and anti-B and anti-AB titers in group O plasma were, respectively 163.28, 113.42 and 166.77 for IgM antibody and 174.50, 152.98 and 311.63 for IgG antibody by test tube method and 34.01, 33.30 and 63.77 for IgM Antibody, 108.41, 103.10 and 272.46 for IgG antibody by gel (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study confirms that titration of ABO antibodies in blood banks will increase safety in non-identical ABO transfusions and transplants.

Biography :

Rashmi Sood has completed her MBBS at the age of 23 years from University of Punjab India and Postdoctoral studies in Immunohematology & Transfusion Medicine as well as Pathology from an internationally recognized Board of Examinations. She is the Consultant in-charge in a premier hospital in New Delhi. She has a number of presentations and publications in national and international journals to her credit.