Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology

Antibiotic susceptibility profile of methicillin resistant Staphylococci aureus in poultry farm, in Zaria, Nigeria

3^rd International Congress on Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases

August 04-06, 2015 Valencia, Spain

Onaolapo J A1, Bala H K1 and Igwe J C2

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Bacteriol Parasitol

Abstract:

Methicillin antibiotic is not commonly used in veterinary practice in the hospitals due to its toxicity, but the wide spread
of its gene (MecA) calls for concern in livestock.The epidemiological and antibiotic susceptibility of Staph. aureus in
Zaria, Nigeria was carried out in this study due to the increasing resistance associated with Staph. aureus in poultry birds. In
this study, 250 samples of chicken droplets were collected from five different poultry farms (50 samples from each farm) within
Zaria metropolis. Eighty eight (88) isolates of Staph. aureus were confirmed using standard microbiological methods. The
antibiotic susceptibility pattern showed that the isolates where 90.8% susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, 76.2% to Vancomycin, 72.2%
to Pefloxacin, 65.6% to Gentamicin, 58.8% to Methicillin, 57.6% to Oxacillin, 49.6% to Ampicillin and 25.3% to Tetracycline.
Their percentage resistance varied from 9.2, 23.9, 27.8, 34.4 and 42.4 for Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Pefloxacin, Gentamycin
and Oxacillin, respectively. The isolates showed high resistance 74.7% and 50.4% to Tetracycline and Ampicillin respectively
while 41.2% of the isolates were resistant to Methicillin and produces β-lactamase enzyme. Seventy five percents (75%) of the
isolates had MIC value of ≥64μg/ml while 25% had MIC ≤2 μg/ml. The MARI result showed that 40% of the isolates had MAR
index of ≤0.3 while 60% had MARI of ≥0.4; indicating that the Staph. aureus tested were pre-exposed to the antibiotics used in
this study. Further study on the 42.4% isolates that were resistant to Oxacillin showed that 60.5% and 64.8% were still resistant
on mannitol salt agar impregnated with 4 μg/ml of Vancomycin and 67.6% and 70% of the same isolates grew on brain heart
infusion agar impregnated with 6 μg/ml of Vancomycin after 24 and 48 hours incubation at 37o C respectively. This study
showed high incidence of Staph. aureus and antibiotics resistance among poultry birds in Zaria, Nigeria and calls for antibiotic
surveillance and education of the poultry farm workers to curb the wide spread of resistance gene which could be transferred
in zoonotic diseases.