Journal of Forensic Psychology

The Relationship between Criminology and Psychiatry

Jennifer Knights^* Department of Psychopathology, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA
^*Correspondence: Jennifer Knights, Department of Psychopathology, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA, Email:

Received: 29-Apr-2022, Manuscript No. JFPY-22-16798; Editor assigned: 03-May-2022, Pre QC No. JFPY-22-16798(PQ); Reviewed: 17-May-2022, QC No. JFPY-22-16798; Revised: 26-May-2022, Manuscript No. JFPY-22-16798(R); Published: 02-Jun-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2475-319X.22.7.227

Description

Using sociological factors such as the offender's criminal history, group support for criminal activity, connection between criminal and legitimate activities, and society's reaction, criminal behaviour can be divided into numerous types. The crime types are:

• violent personal crime,

• occasional property crime,

• occupational crime,

• political crime,

• public order crime,

• conventional crime,

• organized crime, and

• professional crime.

Prostitution, gambling, and the sale of narcotics and firearms are all examples of organised crime. In every country, there are individuals who are unable to adapt to mainstream society and cause public disorder. The Mafia in the United States and Italy, as well as the Shetou, or Snake Head, in the People's Republic of China, are well-known organised crime organisations. The Yakuza is a Japanese organised crime gang. They maintain family-like groupings with fictional blood links, in keeping with feudal Japanese family traditions, and make a living through organised crime. They live in two worlds: the conventional world and the criminal underworld. The Yakuza can be defined sociologically as a psychopathological group that follows a different social code than the rest of society [1].

Deviant personalities like those mentioned above are linked to Yakuza society's primitive rituals, such as tattooing and cutting off the little finger(s) as proof of remorse or devotion to the group's leader. Penile sphere implantation is also included in this category [2].

International crimes such as the smuggling of illicit narcotics and other products, as well as international commerce fraud, are frequently recorded. It's probable that Yakuza members are participating in these transnational nefarious actions. The Yakuza and other organised criminal groups have distinct identifying traits that forensic practitioners and police around the world should be aware of [3].

Criminal behaviour by the mentally ill, notably violence, has become a serious public issue in the western world. The public has identified the mentally ill as a significant contributory element in the context of a growing crime rate. In response, the UK government has made public safety a priority in its mental health policy. 'How criminal are people with psychiatric disorders?' is a question that can never be addressed with clarity. The number of patients admitted compulsorily as a result of an offence accounts for a small percentage of all psychiatric hospitalizations [4].

The focus of early studies in this field was on the rates of arrest in former mental patients. These were found to be slightly higher than the overall population's, or only slightly higher for certain offences. When former mental hospital patients' arrest rates were compared to samples matched for demographic factors, however, the discrepancies vanished. For many years, a rather upbeat attitude of the link between mental illness and violent crime prevailed. It was held that well-known causes linked to crime, such as poverty, familial criminality, bad parenting, school failure, and childhood hyperactivity and antisocial behaviour, were major factors that eclipsed any effect related to mental illness [5].

Conclusion

Criminal behaviour, especially aggressive and antisocial behaviour, is regarded as a serious social issue with numerous reasons. A variety of environmental, social, and psychological factors have been linked to an increased chance of conviction for this sort of crime. Poverty, bad housing, high levels of social inequality in society, low educational achievement, poor diet, low self-esteem, and impulsivity are all interrelated variables.

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