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Abstract
Efficacy of the ShotBlocker® for Pain Management During Needle-related Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Birsen Bilgen Sivri*, Marlene Berger and Cornelia Mahler
Background: Children are exposed to various painful procedures (e.g., blood withdrawal, IM/Sc injection, vaccination, and IV catheterization). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of the ShotBlocker® for needle-related procedural pain in children.
Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted covering English, German, and Turkish articles studying 0-18 years-old individuals. Databases were searched from April to June 2021 to identify Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) using the ShotBlocker® for pain management in children undergoing needle-related procedures. Selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias and quality of evidence were independently performed by two reviewers.
Results:A total of 10 studies involving 1121 participants aged to 18 years were included in the systematic review, and 8 were suitable for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis compared the ShotBlocker®, cold and vibration device, Usual Care, and Placebo. The meta-analysis compared the ShotBlocker® device with a no-treatment comparator and the effect of the device was significant in reducing self-reported procedural pain (MD=−0.67, 95% CI: −0.84, −0.51, I2 =84%, P< 0.00001), observer-reported pain (MD=−0.75, 95% CI: −0.88, −0.61, I2 =89%, P< 0.00001), self-reported procedural fear/anxiety (MD=−1.12, 95% CI: −1.41, −0.84, I2 =95%, P< 0.00001), observer-reported fear/anxiety (MD=−1.18, 95% CI: −1.38, −0.97, I2 =92%, P<0.00001). But compared to cold and vibration, the effect of the device was not significant in reducing observer-reported procedural pain (MD=0.55, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.77, I2 =91%, P< 0.00001).
Conclusion: Although ShotBlocker® is effective in reducing pain and fear/anxiety in some studies and not effective in some others, it is non-invasive; there is no need to wait an effect, and a harmless device.
Published Date: 2023-10-20; Received Date: 2023-09-17