Brain Disorders & Therapy

Types and Symptoms of Brain Stroke

Zhicheng Xiao^* Department of Anatomy and Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
^*Correspondence: Zhicheng Xiao, Department of Anatomy and Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, Email:

Received: 01-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. BDT-22-17636; Editor assigned: 04-Jul-2022, Pre QC No. BDT-22-17636 (PQ); Reviewed: 18-Jul-2022, QC No. BDT-22-17636; Revised: 25-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. BDT-22-17636 (R); Published: 01-Aug-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2168-975X.22.11.165

Description

When the brain's blood flow is compromised, a stroke occurs. This deprives the brain of oxygen and nutrients, which results in the death of brain cells. A blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or a blood vessel that is leaking or burst can both cause a stroke (hemorrhagic stroke). A blood clot in an artery causes a thrombotic stroke when there is inadequate blood flow to the brain. The location of the stroke in the brain and the degree of brain damage determine how a person is affected by it. People who suffer from larger strokes may lose their ability to speak or become permanently paralysed on one side of their body. While some stroke survivors fully recover, more than two thirds will have some form of disability.

The term "stroke," also known as a "Cerebrovascular Accident" (CVA), refers to a sudden loss of neurologic function that lasts for more than 24 hours and is brought on by a disruption in the brain's blood supply. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the world, and survivors are severely disabled.

The five different types of strokes are medical crises that obstruct or stop blood flow to the brain.

These types are:

• Ischemic Stroke

• Hemorrhagic Stroke

• Transient Ischemic Attack (Mini-Stroke)

• Brain Stem Stroke

• Cryptogenic Stroke (stroke of unknown cause)

Ischemic stroke

When a blood clot blocks a blood vessel supplying blood to your brain, an ischemic stroke results. Such strokes predominate.

Symptoms of ischemic stroke

The symptoms vary depending on the areas of the brain that are impacted. You may experience sudden numbness or weakness in your face, arm, or leg, usually on one side of the body.

• Issues with communication or understanding others

• Vision loss or double vision

• Dizziness, loss of balance or difficulty walking

Hemorrhagic stroke

These occur when nearby brain cells are harmed by bleeding.

Causes of hemorrhagic stroke

• High blood pressure

• Injury

• Bleeding disorders

• Cocaine use

• Abnormal Blood Vessels (AVMs)

• The aneurysm (a weak area in a blood vessel that breaks open)

Hemorrhagic stroke comes in two different varieties. Depending on where the bleeding occurs, you have one of several kinds.

• Subarachnoid haemorrhage denotes that the bleeding took place in the space between your skull and brain.

• Bleeding inside the brain is known as intracerebral haemorrhage.

Symptoms of hemorrhagic stroke

Symptoms of a hemorrhagic stroke typically worsen over a few minutes or hours, though a subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur suddenly.

• Severe headache, which some people say is the worst headache they've ever experienced

• Confusion

• Nausea or vomiting

• Sensitivity to light

• Vision issues

• Passing out

Brain stem stroke

This kind occurs in the brain stem. The body's two sides could be impacted. Should this occur, you would be "locked in," unable to speak or move below the neck.

Symptoms of brain stem stroke

It can be challenging to spot a brain stem stroke in someone. The hallmark symptom of weakness on one side of the body may not always be present.

Vertigo, wooziness, and loss of balance are signs of a brain stem stroke.

Double vision, slurred speech, passing out, difficulty breathing, and "locked in" syndrome, in which you are only able to move your eyes, are all symptoms of problems with the central nervous system.