Journal of Patient Care

Perioperative Care and Significance of Preoperative Care and Post Operative Care Phases

John Zusak^* Department of Nursing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
^*Correspondence: John Zusak, Department of Nursing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States, Email:

Received: 04-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. JPC-22-19014; Editor assigned: 07-Nov-2022, Pre QC No. JPC-22-19014 (PQ); Reviewed: 21-Nov-2022, QC No. JPC-22-19014; Revised: 28-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. JPC-22-19014 (R); Published: 05-Dec-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2573-4598.22.8.204

Description

The care provided before and after surgery is referred to as perioperative care. It happens at hospitals, surgical facilities that are connected to hospitals, standalone surgical centers, or doctors' offices. During this time, the patient is being mentally and physically prepared for the surgery as well as for recovery. The goal of perioperative care is to give patients improved preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative circumstances. During this time, the patient is being mentally and physically prepared for the surgery as well as for recovery. Surgery cancellation or postponement risks are reduced with proper preoperative and postoperative care. Both specific instructions and broad guidelines are used to guide postoperative care. Numerous medications can interfere with anaesthetic medications or have negative effects during or following surgery. Therefore, the medications the patient is taking are often evaluated before to surgery to determine which should be taken on the day of operation.

Phases

Preoperative phase: Preoperative testing, anxiety management efforts, and preoperative fasting are all done at this time. Preoperative patient preparation, which is carried out in accordance with a specified sequence of actions and measures, is a crucial step in preventing the risks and problems of surgery. Prior to gynecologic surgery, the patient is assessed and prepared preoperatively to address any difficulties that may impact them both during surgery and recuperation. During this time, the patient's medical history and physical examination are reviewed, physical limitations are identified, the information needed to plan the surgery is gathered, the patient's health is optimized, and the patient is informed about what to expect from the procedure and the recovery period. Preoperative planning makes it easier to foresee postoperative concerns, which may then be removed or reduced; methodically addressing these problems at the preoperative examination may lead to a shorter hospital stay with fewer complications and a happier patient. Both physical and mental preparation is part of it. Surgical therapy for gynecologic illness patients is only necessary when all other medicinal and conservative treatment options have failed.

Pre operative plan: During this period, the surgeon should get the patient's medical history, assemble and document all pertinent data, perform a physical examination, conduct pertinent investigations, evaluate the patient's health, identify any limitations, select a surgical procedure that carries the lowest possible risk while providing the greatest possible benefit, anticipate and prepare for unfavorable outcomes, and notify all parties involved.

Post operative care phase: Postoperative care is the treatment patient receive following a surgical operation. The sort of postoperative care require is determined by the type of surgery patient had as well as medical history. Pain management and wound care are frequently included. Immediately following surgery, postoperative care begins. Immediately following surgery, postoperative care begins. It lasts for the duration of hospital stay and may continue after patient leaves. Healthcare professional should teach about the potential side effects and consequences of patient treatment as part of postoperative care. Before having surgery, consult with a doctor about aftercare. Based on how surgery went and how well recuperating, doctor may change some of their advice following operation. After procedure, patient will be sent to a recovery room. Staff will monitor blood pressure, respiration, temperature, and pulse in the recovery room. They may ask to take deep breaths in order to evaluate lung function. They may examine surgery site for symptoms of infection or bleeding. They will also be on the lookout for indications of an allergic response. Patient will be put under general anesthesia for several types of surgery. Some people may have an allergic response to anesthesia. Same-day surgery is another term for outpatient surgery. Unless there is indication of postoperative problems, patient will be discharged the same day. Patient should breathe regularly, drink, and pee before being released. People will not be permitted to drive soon following anesthesia-induced surgery. Make arrangements for transportation home, ideally ahead of time. Patient can feel sluggish the next day. If undergone inpatient surgery, patient will need to spend the night in the hospital to continue getting postoperative care. People may be required to stay for many days or more. In certain situations, patients who were planned for outpatient surgery develop difficulties and must be hospitalized for further treatment. After patient have been transported out of the initial recovery room, postoperative care will continue. People will almost certainly still have an IV catheter in arm, a finger device that detects oxygen levels in blood, and a dressing on surgery site. Patient may also have a breathing equipment, a cardiac monitor, and a tube in mouth, nose, or bladder depending on the sort of surgery.