20+ Million Readerbase
Indexed In
  • Open J Gate
  • Genamics JournalSeek
  • Academic Keys
  • JournalTOCs
  • CiteFactor
  • Ulrich's Periodicals Directory
  • Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture (AGORA)
  • Electronic Journals Library
  • Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI)
  • RefSeek
  • Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI)
  • Hamdard University
  • EBSCO A-Z
  • OCLC- WorldCat
  • Scholarsteer
  • SWB online catalog
  • Virtual Library of Biology (vifabio)
  • Publons
  • Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
  • Euro Pub
  • Google Scholar
Share This Page
Journal Flyer
Flyer image

Short Communication - (2015) Volume 6, Issue 3

New First Report of Foliar Phytoplasma Disease on Bartondi Plant in India

Prakash P. Sarwade1*, Kavita P. Sarwade2 and Sachin S. Chavan1
1Department of Botany, Shikshan Maharshi Guruvarya R. G. Shinde Mahavidyalaya, Bavachi Road, Paranda District, Osmanabad-413 502, Maharashtra, India
2Department of Botany, Shankarrao Patil Mahavidyalaya, Pardi road Bhoom, District, Osmanabad. 413 504, Maharashtra, India
*Corresponding Author: Prakash P. Sarwade, Department of Botany, Shikshan Maharshi Guruvarya R. G. Shinde Mahavidyalaya, Osmanabad-413 502, Maharashtra, India, Tel: +91 9850547892 Email:

Abstract

A foliar phytoplasma disease symptoms were observed on Morinda citrifolia L. The plants affected with leaf suffer a greatly reduced growth and become stunted or dwarfed, shrinkages upwards and inwards. The leaf lamina shrinkage from the petiole to the tip. Infected shoots are typically shorter and bear smaller leaves. The present investigation was carried out on the symptomatology of this disease. It is confirmed as phytoplasma like organisms on Morinda spp. plant for first new report in India

Keywords: Morinda citrifolia L; Foliar; Phytoplasma

Short Communication

Morinda citrifolia L. (Family: Rubiaceae) is commonly known as bartondi. Its native range extends through Southeast Asia and Australia and the species is now cultivated throughout the tropics and widely naturalized [1]. It is a large shrub to medium tree varying from three meters to twelve meter high. The white flowers occur in the leaf axils in clusters mainly in summer and autumn. Parts of the plants including fruit, leaves, root, stem and bark are used in folk medicine in Polynesian cultures to treat menstrual cramps, bowel irregularities, diabetes, liver diseases and urinary tract infections [2]. It has been shown that these are effective against minimizing the symptoms of life style-related diseases such as atherosclerosis vascular disorders [2], hypertension [3], stroke [4], diabetes, cancer [5], and contains some antioxidative, anti-inflammatory ingredients [3]. It shows antioxidant [6], antitumor [7] and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor activities [8]. It is an edible plant and its fruit juice is a popular drink.

In the present study investigation was carried out on the symptomatology of this disease. Observations of foliar phytoplasma disease of bartondi plants at the naturally infected fields at the different places of Paranda, Dist. Osmanabad (M.S) India between 2014 and Jan 2015. Infected shoots are typically shorter and smaller leaves. Bushy appearance due to excessive stunting of shoots, reduced intermodal length and production of reduced leaf in an apical axis (Figure 1) are the most common symptoms.

plant-pathology-microbiology-Foliar-Phytoplasma-Disease

Figure 1: Foliar Phytoplasma Disease of Bartondi Plant: (A) Healthy plant in the field. (B and C) Foliar Phytoplasma affected plant in the field a shoot showing Infected shoot are typically shorter and smaller leaves.

The plants affected with leaf suffer a greatly reduced growth and become stunted or dwarfed, shrinkages upwards and inwards. The leaf lamina shrinkage from the petiole to the tip. Symptoms to develop visible in rainy to winter season. According to the symptoms it is confirmed as phytoplasma like organisms. The infected plant specimen is deposited at Department of Botany, Shikshan Maharshi Guruvarya R. G. Shinde Mahavidyalaya, Bavachi Road, Paranda Dist. Osmanabad. (M.S.) India.The scanning of available literature shows that new first report of foliar phytoplasma disease on bartondi plants in Maharashtra, India.

The different diseases on Morinda plants were previously reported by Scot C. Nelson [9] such as Black flag of noni, Sooty mold, Noni rootknot disease, Stem rot, Pests known to attack noni in Hawaii include aphids (Aphis gossypii), ants, scales (the green scale), mites ,whiteflies (fringe guava whitefly), and slugs.

References

  1. Nelson SC (2005) Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry: Morindacitrifolia (noni). Traditional Tree Initiative
  2. Wang MY, West BJ, Jensen CJ, Nowicki D, Su C, et al. (2002) Morindacitrifolia (Noni): a literature review and recent advances in Noni research.ActaPharmacol Sin 23: 1127-1141.
  3. Harada S, Hamabe W, Kamiya K, Satake T, Yamamoto J, et al. (2009) Preventive effect of Morindacitrifolia fruit juice on neuronal damage induced by focal ischemia.Biol Pharm Bull 32: 405-409.
  4. Nayak BS, Sandiford S, Maxwell A (2009) Evaluation of the Wound-healing Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Morindacitrifolia L. Leaf.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 6: 351-356.
  5. Takashima J, Ikeda Y, Komiyama K, Hayashi M, Kishida A, et al. (2007) New constituents from the leaves of Morindacitrifolia.Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 55: 343-345.
  6. Zin ZM, Hamid AA, Osman A (2002) Antioxidative activity of extracts from Mengkudu (Morindacitrifolia L.) root, fruit and leaf. Food Chem. 78:227-231
  7. Furusawa E, Hirazumi A, Story S, Jensen J (2003) Antitumour potential of a polysaccharide-rich substance from the fruit juice of Morindacitrifolia (Noni) on sarcoma 180 ascites tumour in mice.Phytother Res 17: 1158-1164.
  8. Shinya Y, Juno O, Masanobu S, Isafumi M, Yasuhiro O, et al.(2002) Inhibition of angiotensin I converting enzyme by Noni [Morindacitrifolia] juice. Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology 49:624-627
  9. Nelson SC (2003) “Noni cultivation in Hawaii” Proceedings of the Hawaii Noni Conference, S.C. Nelson (ed.), University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. Fruits and Nuts (http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/).
Citation: Sarwade PP, Sarwade KP, Chavan SS (2015) New First Report of Foliar Phytoplasma Disease on Bartondi Plant in India. J Plant Pathol Microb 6:260.

Copyright: © 2015 Sarwade PP, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
bellicon