Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology

Microbial Nutrition in Primary and Secondary metabolites

Swapna Gupta*^{* 1}Department of Pharmacy, India
^*Correspondence: Swapna Gupta*, Department of Pharmacy, India, Email:

Received: 03-May-2021 Published: 29-May-2021, DOI: 10.35248/1948-5948.21.13.467

Introduction

Microscopic organisms are used in the preparation of diversity of foods and also used as a origin of food and feed supplements. Primary metabolites involve amino acids, nucleotides, and fermentation end products such as ethanol and organic acids, which are considered requisite for proper growth of microorganisms.

Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that configure at the end or near the stationary phase of growth, and are not directly corresponded with growth, development, and reproduction of microorganisms. These products are to a great extent are involved in healthcare enterprises as antimicrobial agents, antiparasitic agents, antitumor, enzyme inhibitors and immunosuppressive etc. Secondary metabolites with enterprises as plant growth stimulants, herbicides and insecticides have also been reported. Some metabolites, like Adriamycin, bleomycin, daunomycin, and mithramycin were used as antitumor compounds.

Amino acids:

The amino acids are building chunks of protein molecules and hence used in dietary and feed accessories of human and animals, respectively (Mahmood 2015). These organic molecules have numerous roles, such as animal feed supplements (lysine, methionine, threonine), flavor enhancers (aspartic acid, monosodium glutamate, serine), antioxidants (cysteine, Ltryptophan and L-histidine), as sweeteners (aspartame assembled from aspartic acid and phenylalanine), and additives in cosmetic and medicinal products.

Vitamins:

Vitamins are necessary micronutrients required in trace amount to preserve normal physiological function of the body. These vital nutrients are not incorporated by mammals, and therefore, dietary supplement is required from external sources to preserve the balanced metabolism in all living organisms. Catalytic activities of microbes have been used since ancient times for production of bread, wine, and beer.

Organic acids:

Organic acids are among the most flexible ingredients in food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, solvents, petrochemicals, textile, detergents, detergents, pharmaceuticals, rubber, perfumes.

Lactic acid:

Lactic acid is used extensively in food and beverages, polymer, pharmaceutical, personal care products. The poly lactic acid polymer is biodegradable and biocompatible, and utilized in pharmaceutical industry for the fusion of prosthetic devices, sutures and internal drug dosing.