Journal of Infectious Diseases and Diagnosis

Comparing Approaches for Evaluating the Risk of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Environments with Seasonal Variations

Timo Vesikari^* Department of Virology, University of Carabobo, Naguanagua, Carabobo, Venezuela
^*Correspondence: Timo Vesikari, Department of Virology, University of Carabobo, Naguanagua, Carabobo, Venezuela, Email:

Received: 02-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. JIDD-23-20469; Editor assigned: 04-Jan-2023, Pre QC No. JIDD-23-20469; Reviewed: 18-Jan-2023, QC No. JIDD-23-20469; Revised: 25-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. JIDD-23-20469; Published: 01-Feb-2023, DOI: 10.35248/2576-389X.23.08.201

About the Study

Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) are a growing global health concern and pose a significant threat to human, animal and environmental health. An EID is defined as a disease that is newly identified or has appeared for the first time in a population, or that has significantly changed in its ability to cause disease, or that has increased in incidence or geographic range. EIDs can have a profound impact on global health and economies, and can cause widespread panic and social disruption.

The increase in global travel and trade has led to the rapid spread of infectious diseases from one location to another. This has facilitated the spread of EIDs from endemic regions to new areas where populations may be more susceptible [1-4]. Changes the environment, such as deforestation and land use changes, can lead to increased contact between humans and wildlife, which can increase the risk of zoonotic infections. Climate change can also impact the distribution of vectors, such as mosquitoes, that transmit diseases. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, making it more difficult to treat infections. New pathogens can emerge through genetic mutations, recombination, or spillover from animal reservoirs [5].

The impact of EIDs can be severe and widespread. Outbreaks can cause widespread illness and death, disrupt economies, and undermine global security. The Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014-2015 is a prime example of the devastating impact that an EID can have. The outbreak resulted in over 28,000 confirmed cases and more than 11,000 deaths. It also caused widespread panic and had a significant impact on the economies of the affected countries.

To mitigate the threat from EIDs, it is important to have effective strategies in place for their early detection, identification, and control [6-8]. Some of the key strategies that can be used to address EIDs includes effective surveillance systems are critical for early detection and response to EIDs. This can include the establishment of sentinel surveillance systems, passive surveillance systems, and enhanced surveillance systems. Strengthening laboratory capacity is essential for the rapid identification of EIDs. This can involve the development of new diagnostic tests and the improvement of existing tests. Research and development play a critical role in the prevention and control of EIDs. This can include the development of new vaccines, drugs, and diagnostic tests [9].

International cooperation is essential for an effective response to EIDs. This can involve the sharing of information and expertise between countries, the coordination of response efforts, and the development of international guidelines and protocols. Community engagement and the involvement of the private sector are critical for the success of EID control efforts [10]. This can include community-based surveillance, community education and awareness campaigns, and the involvement of the private sector in the development of new products and technologies.

Conclusion

In conclusion, EIDs are a growing global health concern that poses a significant threat to human, animal and environmental health. Effective strategies are needed to address this threat, including strengthening surveillance systems, improving laboratory capacity, enhancing research and development, strengthening international cooperation, and engaging communities and the private sector. Addressing the threat from EIDs requires a multi-faceted and integrated approach, involving the collaboration of multiple sectors and stakeholders.

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