Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Depression, ADHD, Job Stress and Sleep Problems with Dry Eye Disease in Korea

Kyong Jin Cho, Hong Kyu Kim, Myung Ho Lim, Hae Soon Baek, Young Ae Yang, Bong Hui Kang, Jeong Yeob Lee, Jeong Yun Kim, Man Soo Kim and Chang Min Lee

Purpose: For people with dry eye disease common problems in working area, the associations with depression, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), job stress, and sleep problems. This study aims to examine the effects of dry eye disease and depression, anxiety, ADHD, job stress, and sleep problems through a self-rated questionnaire.

Subjects and Methods: Subjects included 139 people who complained of symptoms of dry eye disease for the first time between September 2014 and February 2015. The comparison group included 363 local adults without symptoms of dry eye disease. A psychiatric and ophthalmic questionnaire survey was given to the group having symptoms of dry eye disease. The presence of a significant difference in depression, anxiety, ADHD, job stress, and sleep problems between the dry eye disease group and the comparison group was evaluated, and each association was analyzed.

Results: The dry eye symptoms group showed significantly higher the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Korean Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scales (K-AADHS), and The Korean version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K) values than the comparison group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001). The result of the regression analysis indicated that depression symptoms and ADHD symptoms significantly increased the odd ratio of the dry eye disease symptoms group by 1.75 times and 2.18 times, respectively (p=0.04 and p<0.001).

Conclusion: The dry eye symptoms group is accompanied by ADHD related issues as well as depression. Therefore, a psychiatric approach is needed along with physical treatment.